Saturday, February 27, 2010

Fort Geldria

Fort Geldria or Fort Geldaria, located in Pulicat, Tamil Nadu, was the seat of theDutch Republic's first settlement in India. It was built by the Dutch East India Company in 1613 and became the local governmental centre in 1616. It was named for Geldria, the native province of Wemmer van Berchem, the General Director of the company. Regularly protected by a garrison of 80 to 90 men, Fort Geldria was the only fortification in the Indian empire; all other positions of the Dutch Company were trading posts.



The fort was built on the shores of Pulicat Lake, which provides access to the Bay of Bengal and the Coromandel Coast, an important area for many kinds of trade and an important scene of rivalry between the colonial powers of the Dutch, the Portuguese, and the British. A Portuguese fort was there before, and Fort Geldria was built on its foundations, with the permission of the local ruler, Queen Oboyama, who was supposed to contribute financially and become part-owner. This process, however, proved too slow for the Dutch, and they decided to finance and build it themselves. Local tradition holds that a Dutch ship, stranded in 1606, found aid among a group of expatriate Muslims, and thus began a trade partnership.

Within one month of completion, the fort came under attack from a local chieftain, Etheraja. After he was repulsed, the Portuguese attacked the fort from both land and sea but were fought off. The Dutch formed an alliance with the local traders and the Portuguese were kept at bay. The fort, which was supplied by the Gouden Leeuw in 1618 with 130 Dutch soldiers and 32 guns, became a focal point in the local turmoil and provided refuge to people from the Portuguese colonies. In 1619, the chief at Fort Geldria was accorded the title of Governor and Extraordinary Councillor of the Indies. In the second half of the seventeenth century, the fort's importance as a trading post (it dealt mainly in cotton fabrics) began to decline, due partly to competition with the British but mostly as a result of the sourthward expansion of the Mughal Empire. By 1689, the government moved to Negapatnam and subsequently to Ceylon.

When the director's seat moved, the fort was left with 18 guns and 40 men. The fort was restored in 1714, and was occupied by the British from from 1781 to 1785. Fort Geldria's success as a trading post seems unaffected by the changes of power. In 1786, for instance, caravans loaded with merchandise come in every month from places like Golkonda and Suratte and ships sail in from the Red Sea, Goa, and Malabar; there is a lively trade in cotton fabric and a flourishing industry in the dyeing of textiles. A 1792 description of Dutch trading posts in the East reports trade in sugar, arrack, Japanese copper, and spices. In 1795, the Dutch surrendered the fort to the British and blew it up in 1804 or 1805, before finally giving ownership to the British on 1 June 1825.

The British held the fort from 1825 until Indian independence. Fort Geldria is currently maintained by the Archaelogical Survey of India. Plans to restore the fort involve a cooperation between Dutch architects and scholars and the Tamil Nadu government, with financial help from the Dutch and Indian governments. The plans propose a restoration of the wetland eco-system of the area and of the remaining Dutch structures, including the well-preserved cemetery with 76 tombstones carved in the Netherlands.

Wednesday, February 24, 2010

China Tours – the Wall and the World Beyond

China is one of the most exciting world travel destinations in the orient. A country that has contributed volumes to mankind in the fields of art, literature, and politics naturally appeals to the heart and soul. China has given birth to the likes of Hieun Tsang, Fa Hien, Confucius, Mao Tse Dong. Some great inventions such as paper, silk, and compass are also associated with the nation. So it is not much of a surprise that China tours have gradually become very popular in recent times.

China tours escort you to a city that is beautiful inside out. Whenever you embark on a China tour it would be an added advantage to know about China hotels as accommodation in any world travel destination is an important aspect to be dealt with. Many of these stand at par with the best world hotels. Irrespective of different star categories, they provide good hotel services along with warm hospitality.

During China tours, the best of China hotels are to be found in prime cities like Beijing, the capital of China, Shanghai, Xian, Guangzhou and Hong Kong. The downtown area or the Wangfujing shopping district or the Xidan commercial street in Beijing, the Pudong commercial and industrial district in Shanghai, Yuxiang Square, Central Bell Tower and Drum Tower in Xian and the heart of Causeway Bay in Hong Kong are the main locations for China hotels that are some of the finest world hotels.

The rooms of most of the China hotels reflect the true Chinese spirit with the Chinese style of architecture and décor. Bright colors, typical ethnic structural patterns of China, a profusion of rich silk fabrics – all go on to set up the living quarters of the hotels that you are bound to check in at during your China tours.

According to many world travel guide, sailing through the Hwang Ho, treading down the Great Wall of China, losing yourself in the yummy noodles, exploring the Army of Terracotta Warriors in Xian, and gazing at the gloss and glitter of Shanghai are some of the best things to do on a trip to China. The country is also home to many stunning monuments and World Heritage Sites that are worth a watch. The top most world travel guides recommend many of these. Macau and Hong Kong are also very big draws and boast of a fabulous nightlife.

China tours are especially in vogue ever since the Beijing Olympics 2008 were announced. Known as Games of the XXIX Olympiad on record, the 2008 Beijing Olympics is slated to set the ball rolling on the 8th of August, 2008 and continue till the 24th of August, 2008. A China tour during this time will see you through the 28 sports and 302 events. Both the opening and closing ceremonies of the Summer Olympics will be held at the Beijing National Stadium in Beijing.

If you are a person with a taste for the old and the new alike, China tours will surely make a satisfied tourist out of you.

Top 5 Bird Watching Places in India

As many as 1,200 species of birds make their home in India. This vast number is surely enough to make India one of the best bird watching destinations in the world.

The best bird watching destinations are:

Bird Watching in Keoladeo Ghana National Park

Located 175 km away from Delhi on Agra- Jaipur road, this park is declared as World Heritage Site. Stretched on 28.7 sq km, this park is home to 330 species of birds out of which several are migratory. Prominent bird species here are migratory birds like Siberian Crane, Geese, Ducks, Raptors, Warblers and Waders. Other frequently seen birds are pelicans, storks, herons, egrets and kingfishers. Best time to visit this park in the month of November to March.

Bird Watching in Sariska Wildlife Sanctuary

Spread across vast 800 sq km, this park boasts of 200 species of birds. Situated in the hills of Aravalli, birds species mainly found here are Wryneck Woodpecker Babbler, White Breasted Kingfisher, Little Brown Dove, Small Minivet, Gray Hornbill, Crested Serpent Eagle, Black/Red Headed Bunting, Golden Oriole, Little Brown Dove, Small Minivet, Great Gray Shrike, Pale Harrier and Tailor Bird and many more.

Bird Watching in Corbett National Park

There is a mind boggling 600 species of birds in this sanctuary. Bird watchers from all over the world come here to see these varieties. The park located in the western Himalayas in Uttaranchal is spread in an area of 600 sq km. The most prominent bird species are bareheaded goose, snipe, gull, duck, grepe, graylag, wagtail and sandpiper, raptors, darters, egrets, black-necked stork and cormorants are commonly seen here.

Bird Watching in Sunderbans National Park

Just 72 km away from kolkata, this park is spread across 2,585 sq km. Labeled as a World Heritage Site, this place is known for its mangrove forest. Bird sanctuary at Sajnekhali offers home to quite a lot of variety of birds like White ibis, Heron, Egret, Cotton Teal, Brahmini kite, Tern, Curlew.

Bird Watching in Kaziranga National Park

Spread across 430 sq km and situated on the bank of River Brahmaputra in Assam this park is made up of thick forest and lakes, the perfect conditions for the birds to thrive. Most prominent bird species are Pallas's fish eagle, black necked stork, lesser adjutant stork, grey pelican, Bengal floricans, grey peacock-pheasant, green imperial pigeon.

Bird Watching in Periyar Wildlife Sanctuary

Spread in a total area of 777 sq km, 350 sq km area was made into the Periyar National Park and Tiger Reserve, better known as the Periyar Wildlife Sanctuary. Situated in Kerala, this sanctuary houses 330 species of birds out of which like Darters, the Malabar Hornbill, Kingfishers, Cormorants and racket-tailed Drongoes are well known.

Friday, February 12, 2010

Mughal Gardens open to public from Saturday

The Mughal Gardens will be opened for public from February 13 to March 11.

The splendour of colourful pansies and fragrant roses notwithstanding, the cacti corner and the bonsai segment at the sprawling Mughal Gardens in the Rashtrapati Bhavan here occupy the place of pride this year.

The Gardens, which will be thrown open to the public beginning Saturday, will have cacti in different sizes and colours, apart from exquisitely crafted bonsai plants. In the main Garden, visitors can see roses, lilies, tulips and pansies in full bloom.

“This year, the special attraction will be the cacti corner and the bonsai segment which will add to the beauty of the Rashtrapati Bhavan. Visitors, while walking in the gardens, will be able to experience how green surroundings and water bodies can add to an eco-friendly environment by attracting fauna,” said a Rashtrapati Bhavan official.

The Gardens, contiguous to the main Rashtrapati Bhavan building, cover an area of 15 acres. Designed by Edwin Lutyens and inspired by the Mughal Gardens of Jammu and Kashmir, the garden around the Taj Mahal and Persian and Indian miniature paintings, it has three parts — the first is the rectangular garden adjacent to the main Rashtrapati Bhavan building, divided into four quarters, each with terraced gardens on either side.


“The rectangular garden has several winter seasonal bulbous and flowering beds, with a prominence of a variety of roses in full bloom. They include Adora, Mrinalini, Taj Mahal, Modern Art, Oklahoma, John F. Kennedy, Virgo, Mr. Lincoln and Folklore. In addition, dahlias, tulips, Asiatic lilies, daffodils, hyacinth and other seasonal flowers suitably incorporated add beauty to central garden,” the official said.


A view of Ring Garden at Rashtrapati Bhavan in New Delhi.

Following the central park, the long garden also has roses like Christian Dior, Queen Elizabeth, Iceberg, Pasadena, Montezuma, Summer Snow, First Prize and Century Two on display.

The circular garden at the western edge is lined with various flowers including violas and dahlias, phlox, poppy and larkspur. “Winter flowers like calendula, antirrhinum, alyssum, dimorphotheca, larkspur, gerbera, brachycome, verbena, viola, and pansy grow well here.”

The biodiversity park, with deer, ducks, turkeys, guinea fowls, turtles, parakeets, rabbits and migratory birds, is an added attraction. “This park is also full of peacocks. Important medicinal and aromatic plants, depicting their uses, can be seen in the educational-cum-conservation herbal garden. The bio-diesel producing plant jatropha, stevia [which provides safe sugar for diabetics], isabgol [plantago], damask rose, ashwagandha, brahmi, mints, tulsi, geranium and 33 other types of herbs can be seen in the herbal garden.”

The gardens will be open for public viewing from 10 a.m. to 5 p.m. on all days except Mondays until March 11.

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India is one of the most intoxicating tourism destinations in the world with various fascinating attraction that delivers every need of the visitors. There are several fascinating destinations that captivates visitor and leave them spell bound. Kashmir, Goa, Kerala, Rajasthan, Srinagar, Kullu, Manali, Shimla, Darjeeling, Sikkim, Uttarakhand, Uttaranchal are some of the most visited tourist destination in India. Travel to any direction south, north, west and east it delivers a great feast to you’re your tour and also the tourist eyes. From the breathtaking snowy peaks to the steaming desert, from the emerald forest to the world renowned sanctuaries, visitors from every nook and corner of the world break through to enjoy the beauty of India. Infect it is only one destination in the world that offers with various captivating destinations.

Tourists from all over visit this truly blessed destination to catch the charming beauty of the India. It is the place where the magical power of the nature works to change the life of the visitors. Pristine beaches of Goa, sweltering golden sands of Rajasthan, fabled backwater destination of Kerala and the charming natural beauty of the hills leaves offers visitor to spend magical moment being in this magical land.

Visitors of every choice and preferences are welcomed in this land to grasp the exhilarating beauty of this magical land. Agra, Delhi, Bangalore, Mumbai, Chennai has there own fascinating charm. Serenity of Ganga, Yamuna, Brahmaputra, Varanasi, Uttarakhand, Ajmer, Gaya, Ladakh, Yamunotri, Kailashnath, Rishikesh are some of the famous shrine in India. Visitors from all over on there India travel visit these places to offer prayers at the shrine and get blessed for better life.

Rajasthan welcome visitors with vibrant colourful festivals than Goa shares the charm of its beaches. Kerala also follow the path of unique hospitality and offer backwater destination that is unseen to this world. Agra is world renowned for the symbol of undying love Taj Mahal. They beauty of Taj is the crown of India and is the heritage of India. It is must to be visited on your India tours and worth your visit to India. Every time you visit to this magical land you will find it interesting and extra ordinary than any other tourist destination in the world.

India is a place with various different religions coming up together in one beautiful garden. It is what makes this place so special and unique than rest of the world. So spend you holidays in India and you will come to know the secret and answer of your puzzling question.